TAK CHEONG Licensed by ON Semiconductor, A trademark of semiconductor Components Industries, LLC for Zener Technology and Products. 500 mW DO-35 Hermetically Sealed Glass Zener Voltage Regulators Maximum Ratings (Note 1) Rating Symbol Value Units Maximum Steady State Power Dissipation @TL75, Lead Length = 3/8" PD 500 mW 4.0 mW/ -65 to +200 C Derate Above 75 Operating and Storage Temperature Range TJ, Tstg AXIAL LEAD DO35 Note 1: Some part number series have lower JEDEC registered ratings. Specification Features: Zener Voltage Range = 1.8V to 43V ESD Rating of Clas 3 (>6 KV) per Human Body Model DO-35 Package (DO-204AH) Double Slug Type Construction Metallurgical Bonded Construction Cathode Anode Specification Features: Case : Double slug type, hermetically sealed glass Finish : All external surfaces are corrosion resistant and leads are readily solderable Polarity : Cathode indicated by polarity band Mounting: Any L 4x xx Maximum Lead Temperature for Soldering Purposes 230, 1/16" from the case for 10 seconds L 4xxx = Logo = 1N4xxx Device Code Ordering Information Device Package Quantity 1N4xxx Axial Lead 3000 Units / Box 1N4xxxRL Axial Lead 5000 Units / Tape & Reel 1N4xxxRL2* Axial Lead 5000 Units / Tape & Reel 1N4xxxRR1 ! Lead Form 3000 Units / Radial Tape & Reel 1N4xxxRR2 i Lead Form 3000 Units / Radial Tape & Reel 1N4xxxTA Axial Lead 5000 Units / Tape & Ammo 1N4xxxTA2* Axial Lead 5000 Units / Tape & Ammo 1N4xxxRA1 ! Axial Lead 3000 Units / Radial Tape & Ammo 1N4xxxRA2 i Axial Lead 3000 Units / Radial Tape & Ammo * The "2" suffix refer to 26mm tape spacing. ! "1": Polarity band up with cathode lead off first. i "2": Polarity band down with cathode lead off first. Devices listed in bold italic are Tak Cheong Preferred devices. Preferred devices are recommended choices for future use and best overall value. December 2005 / B http://takcheong.com 1 1N4678 through 1N4717 Series (R) 1N4768 through 1N4717 Low level oxide passivated zener diodes for applications requiring extremely low operating currents, low leadage, and sharp breakdown, ELECTRICAL CHARACTERIZATION (TA = (25C unless otherwise noted, VF = 1.5V max @ IF = 100mA for all types) Symbol VZ IZT Parameter Reverse Zener Voltage @ IZT Reverse Zener Current VZ Reverse Zener Voltage Change IR Reverse Leakage Current @ VR VR Reverse Voltage IF Forward Current VF Forward Voltage @ IF IZM Maximum DC Zener Current ELECTRICAL CHARACTERIZATION (TA = (25C unless otherwise noted, VF = 1.5V max @ IF = 100mA for all types) Device Device (Note 2.) Marking Zener Voltage Leakage Current (Note 3.) (Note 4.) VZ (Volts) @ IZT IR @ VR IZM VZ (Note 5.) (Note 6.) Min Nom Max (uA) (uA Max) (Volts) (mA) (Volts) 0.7 1N4678 1N4678 1.71 1.8 1.89 50 7.5 1 120 1N4679 1N4679 1.9 2 2.1 50 5 1 110 0.7 1N4680 1N4680 2.09 2.2 2.31 50 4 1 100 0.75 1N4681 1N4681 2.28 2.4 2.52 50 2 1 95 0.8 1N4682 1N4682 2.565 2.7 2.835 50 1 1 90 0.85 1N4683 1N4683 2.85 3 3.15 50 0.8 1 85 0.9 1N4684 1N4684 3.135 3.3 3.465 50 7.5 1.5 80 0.95 1N4685 1N4685 3.42 3.6 3.78 50 7.5 2 75 0.95 1N4686 1N4686 3.705 3.9 4.095 50 5 2 70 0.97 1N4687 1N4687 4.085 4.3 4.515 50 4 2 65 0.99 1N4688 1N4688 4.465 4.7 4.935 50 10 3 60 0.99 1N4689 1N4689 4.845 5.1 5.355 50 10 3 55 0.97 1N4690 1N4690 5.32 5.6 5.88 50 10 4 50 0.96 1N4691 1N4691 5.89 6.2 6.51 50 10 5 45 0.95 1N4692 1N4692 6.46 6.8 7.14 50 10 5.1 35 0.9 2. TOLERANCE AND TYPE NUMBER DESIGNATION (VZ) The type numbers listed have a standard tolerance on the nominal zener voltage of 5%. 3. ZENER VOLTAGE (VZ) MEASUREMENT Nominal zener voltage is measured with the device junction in the thermal equilibrium at the lead temperature (TL) at 30C 1C and 3/8" lead length. 4. REVERSE LEAKAGE CURREN (IR) Reverse leakage currents are guaranteed and measured at VR shown on the table. 5. MAXIMUM ZENER CURRENT RATINGS (IZM) Maximum zener current ratings are based on maximum zener voltage of the individual units and JEDEC 250 mW rating. 6. MAXIMUM VOLTAGE CHANGE (VZ) Voltage change is equal to the difference between VZ at 100uA and at 10uA. http://www.takcheong.com 2 1N4678 through 1N4717 Series ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (TA = 25C unless otherwise noted, VF = 1.5 V Max @ IF = 100mA for all types) Device Zener Voltage Leakage Current (Note 8.) (Note 9.) IZM VZ IR @ VR (Note 10.) (Note 11.) VZ (Volts) @ IZT (Note 7.) Device Marking Min Nom Max A) ( A Max) ( (Volts) (mA) (Volts) 1N4693 1N4693 7.125 7.5 7.875 50 10 5.7 31.8 0.75 1N4694 1N4694 7.79 8.2 8.61 50 1 6.2 29 0.5 1N4695 1N4695 8.265 8.7 9.135 50 1 6.6 27.4 0.1 1N4696 1N4696 8.645 9.1 9.555 50 1 6.9 26.2 0.08 1N4697 1N4697 9.5 10 10.5 50 1 7.6 24.8 0.1 1N4698 1N4698 10.45 11 11.55 50 0.05 8.4 21.6 0.11 1N4699 1N4699 11.4 12 12.6 50 0.05 9.1 20.4 0.12 1N4700 1N4700 12.35 13 13.65 50 0.05 9.8 19 0.13 1N4701 1N4701 13.3 14 14.7 50 0.05 10.6 17.5 0.14 1N4702 1N4702 14.25 15 15.75 50 0.05 11.4 16.3 0.15 1N4703 1N4703 15.2 16 16.8 50 0.05 12.1 15.4 0.16 1N4704 1N4704 16.15 17 17.85 50 0.05 12.9 14.5 0.17 1N4705 1N4705 17.1 18 18.9 50 0.05 13.6 13.2 0.18 1N4706 1N4706 18.05 19 19.95 50 0.05 14.4 12.5 0.19 1N4707 1N4707 19 20 21 50 0.01 15.2 11.9 0.2 1N4708 1N4708 20.9 22 23.1 50 0.01 16.7 10.8 0.22 1N4709 1N4709 22.8 24 25.2 50 0.01 18.2 9.9 0.24 1N4710 1N4710 23.75 25 26.25 50 0.01 19 9.5 0.25 1N4711 1N4711 25.65 27 28.35 50 0.01 20.4 8.8 0.27 1N4712 1N4712 26.6 28 29.4 50 0.01 21.2 8.5 0.28 1N4713 1N4713 28.5 30 31.5 50 0.01 22.8 7.9 0.3 1N4714 1N4714 31.35 33 34.65 50 0.01 25 7.2 0.33 1N4715 1N4715 34.2 36 37.8 50 0.01 27.3 6.6 0.36 1N4716 1N4716 37.05 39 40.95 50 0.01 29.6 6.1 0.39 1N4717 1N4717 40.85 43 45.15 50 0.01 32.6 5.5 0.43 7. TOLERANCE AND TYPE NUMBER DESIGNATION (VZ) The type numbers listed have a standard tolerance on the nominal zener voltage of 5%. 8. ZENER VOLTAGE (VZ) MEASUREMENT Nominal zener voltage is measured with the device junction in the thermal equilibrium at the lead temperature (TL) at 30C 1C and 3/8" lead length. 9. REVERSE LEAKAGE CURRENT (IR) Reverse leakage currents are guaranteed and measured at VR shown on the table. 10. MAXIMUM ZENER CURRENT RATINGS (IZM) Maximum zener current ratings are based on maximum zener voltage of the individual units and JEDEC 250 mW rating. VZ) 11. MAXIMUM VOLTAGE CHANGE ( Voltage change is equal to the difference between VZ at 100A and at 10A. http://www.takcheong.com 3 1N4678 through 1N4717 Series 0.7 HEAT SINKS P D , MAXIMUM STEADY STATE POWER DISSIPATION (WATTS) 0.6 0.5 0.4 3/8" 3/8" 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 T L , LEAD TEMPERATURE (C) Figure 1. Steady State Power Derating http://www.takcheong.com 4 180 200 1N4678 through 1N4717 Series Since the actual voltage available from a given zener diode is temperature dependent, it is necessary to determine junction temperature under any set of operating conditions in order to calculate its value. The following procedure is recommended: Lead Temperature, TL, should be determined from: TL = LAPD + TA. LA is the lead-to-ambient thermal resistance (C/W) and PD is the power dissipation. The value for LA will vary and depends on the device mounting method. LA is generally 30 to 40C/W for the various clips and tie points in common use and for printed circuit board wiring. The temperature of the lead can also be measured using a thermocouple placed on the lead as close as possible to the tie point. The thermal mass connected to the tie point is normally large enough so that it will not significantly respond to heat surges generated in the diode as a result of pulsed operation once steady-state conditions are achieved. Using the measured value of TL, the junction temperature may be determined by: JL, JUNCTION TO LEAD THERMAL RESISTANCE ( C/W) APPLICATION NOTE - ZENER VOLTAGE L 2.4-60 V 200 62-200 V 100 0 0 0.2 0.4 1000 7000 5000 0.6 0.8 1 TYPICAL LEAKAGE CURRENT AT 80% OF NOMINAL BREAKDOWN VOLTAGE 2000 1000 700 500 200 TJL = JLPD. 100 70 50 I R , LEAKAGE CURRENT ( A) VZ, the zener voltage temperature coefficient, is found from Figures 4 and 5. Under high power-pulse operation, the zener voltage will vary with time and may also be affected significantly by the zener resistance. For best regulation, keep current excursions as low as possible. Surge limitations are given in Figure 7. They are lower than would be expected by considering only junction temperature, as current crowding effects cause temperatures to be extremely high in small spots, resulting in device degradation should the limits of Figure 7 be exceeded. L 300 Figure 2. Typical Thermal Resistance TJL is the increase in junction temperature above the lead temperature and may be found from Figure 2 for dc power: V = VZTJ. 400 L , LEAD LENGTH TO HEAT SINK (INCH) TJ = TL + TJL. For worst-case design, using expected limits of IZ, limits of PD and the extremes of TJ(TJ) may be estimated. Changes in voltage, VZ, can then be found from: 500 20 10 7 5 2 1 0.7 0.5 +125C 0.2 0.1 0.07 0.05 0.02 0.01 0.007 0.005 +25C 0.002 0.001 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 VZ , NOMINAL ZENER VOLTAGE (VOLTS) Figure 3. Typical Leakage Current http://www.takcheong.com 5 13 14 15 1N4678 through 1N4717 Series TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENTS TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT (mV/ C) +12 +10 +8 +6 +4 +2 RANGE VZ @ IZT (NOTE 2) 0 -2 VZ , VZ , TEMPERA TURE COEFFICIENT (mV/ C) (-55 C to +150 C temperature range; 90% of the units are in the ranges indicated.) -4 2 4 3 5 6 7 8 10 9 11 100 70 50 30 20 5 3 2 1 10 12 20 TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT (mV/C) 160 140 VZ @ IZT (NOTE 2) VZ , TEMPERA TURE COEFFICIENT (mV/C) VZ , 180 100 140 150 160 170 70 100 180 190 +6 VZ @ IZ TA= 25 C +4 +2 20mA 0 0.01mA 1mA -2 NOTE: BELOW 3 VOLTS AND ABOVE 8 VOL TS NOTE: CHANGES IN ZENER CURRENT DO NOT NOTE: AFFECT TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENTS -4 3 200 6 5 4 8 7 V Z , ZENER VOLTAGE (VOLTS) V Z , ZENER VOLTAGE (VOLTS) Figure 4c. Range for Units 120 to 200 Volts Figure 5. Effect of Zener Current 1000 100 TA = 25 C 70 500 T= 25 C 50 0V BIAS 0 BIAS C, CAP ACIT ANCE (pF) 200 C, CAP ACIT ANCE (pF) 50 Figure 4b. Range for Units 12 to 100 Volts 200 130 30 V Z , ZENER VOLTAGE (VOLTS) Figure 4a. Range for Units to 12 Volts 120 (NOTE 2) 7 V Z , ZENER VOLTAGE (VOLTS) 120 VZ @ IZ RANGE 10 100 1V BIAS 50 20 10 50% OF V Z BIAS 5 30 20 1 VOLT BIAS 10 7 50% OF V BIAS 5 3 2 2 1 1 1 2 5 10 20 50 100 120 140 Figure 6a. Typical Capacitance 2.4-100 Volts 160 180 190 200 V Z, ZENER VOLTAGE (VOLTS) V Z, ZENER VOLTAGE (VOLTS) Figure 6b. Typical Capacitance 120-200 Volts http://www.takcheong.com 6 220 1N4678 through 1N4717 Series Ppk , PEAK SURGE POWER (WATTS) 100 70 50 RECT ANGULAR WAVEFORM T J = 25C PRIOR TO INITIAL PULSE 11V-91V NONREPETITIVE 30 5% DUTY CYCLE 1.8V-10V NONREPETITIVE 20 10 10% DUTY CYCLE 7 5 20% DUTY CYCLE 3 2 1 0.01 0.02 0.05 0.1 0.2 0.5 1 2 5 10 20 50 100 200 500 1000 PW, PULSE WIDTH (ms) Figure 7a. Maximum Surge Power 1.8-91 Volts 1000 RECT ANGULAR WAVEFORM, TJ = 25 C 300 200 100 70 50 100-200 VOLTS NONREPETITIVE 30 20 10 7 5 3 2 1 0.01 T J = 25C iZ (rms) = 0.1 Iz(dc) VZ = 2.7V f = 60 Hz 200 47V 100 27V 50 20 6.2V 10 5 2 1 0.1 1 10 100 0.1 1000 0.2 0.5 1 2 5 10 20 PW, PULSE WIDTH (ms) IZ , ZENER CURRENT (mA) Figure 7b. Maximum Surge Power DO-35 100-200Volts Figure 8. Effect of Zener Current on Zener Impedance 1000 700 500 Z Z , DYNAMIC IMPEDANCE (OHMS) Z Z , DYNAMIC IMPEDANCE (OHMS) 500 TJ = 25C 200 100 70 50 5mA 20 20mA 100 MAXIMUM 500 f = 60Hz IZ = 1mA 50 1000 iZ (rms) = 0.1 IZ (dc) I F , FOR WARD CURRENT (mA) Ppk , PEAK SURGE POWER (WATTS) 1000 700 500 10 7 5 2 MINIMUM 200 100 50 75 C 20 10 25 C 5 150 C 0 C 2 1 1 1 2 3 5 7 10 20 30 50 70 100 0.4 0.5 V Z , ZENER VOLTAGE (VOLTS) 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 V F , FOR WARD VOLTAGE (VOLTS) Figure 9. Effect of Zener Voltage on Zener Impedance Figure 10. Typical Forward Characteristics http://www.takcheong.com 7 1.1 1N4678 through 1N4717 Series 20 10 I Z , ZENER CURRENT (mA) TA = 25C 1 0.1 0.01 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 29 30 V Z , ZENER VOLTAGE (VOLTS) Figure 1 1. Zener Voltage versus Zener Current - VZ = 1 thru 16 Volts 10 I Z , ZENER CURRENT (mA) TA = 25C 1 0.1 0.01 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 V Z , ZENER VOLTAGE (VOLTS) Figure 12. Zener Voltage versus Zener Current - VZ = 15 thru 30 Volts http://www.takcheong.com 8 28 1N4678 through 1N4717 Series I Z , ZENER CURRENT (mA) 10 TA = 25 1 0.1 0.01 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 95 100 105 240 250 260 90 V Z , ZENER VOLTAGE (VOLTS) Figure 13. Zener Voltage versus Zener Current - VZ = 30 thru 105 Volts I Z , ZENER CURRENT (mA) 10 1 0.1 0.01 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 V Z , ZENER VOLTAGE (VOLTS) Figure 14. Zener Voltage versus Zener Current - VZ = 110 thru 220 Volts http://www.takcheong.com 9