TPS77001, TPS77012, TPS77015, TPS77018, TPS77025
TPS77027, TPS77028, TPS77030, TPS77033, TPS77050
ULTRALOW-POWER 50-mA LOW-DROPOUT LINEAR REGULATORS
SLVS210D – JUNE 1999 – REVISED MAY 2001
1
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
D
50-mA Low-Dropout Regulator
D
Available in 1.2-V, 1.5-V, 1.8-V, 2.5-V, 2.7-V,
2.8-V, 3.0-V, 3.3-V, and 5-V Fixed-Output and
Adjustable Versions
D
Only 17 µA Quiescent Current at 50 mA
D
1 µA Quiescent Current in Standby Mode
D
Dropout Voltage Typically 35 mV at 50 mA
D
Over Current Limitation
D
–40°C to 125°C Operating Junction
Temperature Range
D
5-Pin SOT-23 (DBV) Package
description
The TPS770xx family of low-dropout (LDO)
voltage regulators offers the benefits of low
dropout voltage, ultralow-power operation, and
miniaturized packaging. These regulators feature
low dropout voltages and ultralow quiescent
current compared to conventional LDO
regulators. Offered in a 5-terminal small outline
integrated-circuit SOT-23 package, the
TPS770xx series devices are ideal for
micropower operations and where board space is
at a premium.
A combination of new circuit design and process
innovation has enabled the usual PNP pass
transistor to be replaced by a PMOS pass
element. Because the PMOS pass element
behaves as a low-value resistor, the dropout
voltage is very low — typically 35 mV at 50 mA of
load current (TPS77050) — and is directly proportional to the load current. Since the PMOS pass element is
a voltage-driven device, the quiescent current is ultralow (28 µA maximum) and is stable over the entire range
of output load current (0 mA to 50 mA). Intended for use in portable systems such as laptops and cellular phones,
the ultralow-dropout voltage feature and ultralow-power operation result in a significant increase in system
battery operating life.
The TPS770xx also features a logic-enabled sleep mode to shut down the regulator, reducing quiescent current
to 1 µA typical at TJ = 25°C. The TPS770xx is offered in 1.2-V, 1.5-V, 1.8-V, 2.5-V, 2.7-V, 2.8-V, 3.0-V, 3.3-V,
and 5-V fixed-voltage versions and in a variable version (programmable over the range of 1.2 V to 5.5 V).
Copyright 2001, Texas Instruments Incorporated
PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date.
Products conform to specifications per the terms of Texas Instruments
standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include
testing of all parameters.
Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of
Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.
3
2
4
5
DBV PACKAGE
(TOP VIEW)
1
IN
GND
EN
OUT
NC/FB
TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C
15
22
TPS77033
GROUND CURRENT
vs
FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE
Ground Current – Aµ
VI = 4.3 V
CO = 4.7 µF
–40 0–20 20 140–60 40 80 100 12060
21
20
19
18
17
16
IO = 0 mA
IO = 50 mA
TPS77001, TPS77012, TPS77015, TPS77018, TPS77025
TPS77027, TPS77028, TPS77030, TPS77033, TPS77050
ULTRALOW-POWER 50-mA LOW-DROPOUT LINEAR REGULATORS
SLVS210D – JUNE 1999 – REVISED MAY 2001
2POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
AVAILABLE OPTIONS
TJVOLTAGE PACKAGE PART NUMBER SYMBOL
Variable
1.2V to 5.5V TPS77001DBVT†TPS77001DBVR‡PCPI
1.2 V TPS77012DBVT†TPS77012DBVR‡PCQI
1.5 V TPS77015DBVT†TPS77015DBVR‡PCRI
1.8 V TPS77018DBVT†TPS77018DBVR‡PCSI
–40°C to 125°C2.5 V SOT-23
(DBV)
TPS77025DBVT†TPS77025DBVR‡PCTI
2.7 V
(DBV)
TPS77027DBVT†TPS77027DBVR‡PCUI
2.8 V TPS77028DBVT†TPS77028DBVR‡PCVI
3.0 V TPS77030DBVT†TPS77030DBVR‡PCWI
3.3 V TPS77033DBVT†TPS77033DBVR‡PCXI
5.0 V TPS77050DBVT†TPS77050DBVR‡PCYI
†The DBVT indicates tape and reel of 250 parts.
‡The DBVR indicates tape and reel of 3000 parts.
functional block diagram
TPS77001
OUT
IN
FB
GND
EN
VREF
TPS77012/15/18/25/27/28/30/33/50
OUT
IN
GND
EN
VREF
Current Limit
/ Thermal
Protection
Current Limit
/ Thermal
Protection
TPS77001, TPS77012, TPS77015, TPS77018, TPS77025
TPS77027, TPS77028, TPS77030, TPS77033, TPS77050
ULTRALOW-POWER 50-mA LOW-DROPOUT LINEAR REGULATORS
SLVS210D – JUNE 1999 – REVISED MAY 2001
3
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
Terminal Functions
TERMINAL
I/O
DESCRIPTION
NAME NO.
I/O
DESCRIPTION
GND 2 Ground
EN 3 I Enable input
FB 4 I Feedback voltage (TPS77001 only)
IN 1 I Input supply voltage
NC 4 No connection (Fixed options only)
OUT 5 O Regulated output voltage
absolute maximum ratings over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)
Ĕ
Input voltage range
(see Note 1)
–0.3 V to 13.5 V. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Voltage range at EN –0.3 V to VI + 0.3 V. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Voltage on OUT, FB 7 V. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Peak output current Internally limited. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ESD rating, HBM 2 kV. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Continuous total power dissipation See Dissipation Rating Table. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operating virtual junction temperature range, TJ –40°C to 150°C. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Storage temperature range, Tstg –65°C to 150°C. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
†Stresses beyond those listed under “absolute maximum ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only , and
functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “recommended operating conditions” is not
implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may af fect device reliability.
NOTE 1: All voltage values are with respect to network ground terminal.
DISSIPATION RATING TABLE
BOARD PACKAGE RθJC RθJA DERATING FACTOR
ABOVE TA = 25°CTA ≤ 25°C
POWER RATING TA = 70°C
POWER RATING TA = 85°C
POWER RATING
Low K‡DBV 65.8 °C/W 259 °C/W 3.9 mW/°C386 mW 212 mW 154 mW
High K§DBV 65.8 °C/W 180 °C/W 5.6 mW/°C555 mW 305 mW 222 mW
‡The JEDEC Low K (1s) board design used to derive this data was a 3 inch x 3 inch, two layer board with 2 ounce copper traces on top of the board.
§The JEDEC High K (2s2p) board design used to derive this data was a 3 inch x 3 inch, multilayer board with 1 ounce internal power and ground
planes and 2 ounce copper traces on top and bottom of the board.
recommended operating conditions
MIN NOM MAX UNIT
Input voltage, VI (see Note 2) 2.7 10 V
Output voltage range, VO1.2 5.5 V
Continuous output current, IO (see Note 3) 0 50 mA
Operating junction temperature, TJ–40 125 °C
NOTES: 2. To calculate the minimum input voltage for your maximum output current, use the following formula:
VI(min) = VO(max) + VDO (max load)
3. Continuous output current and operating junction temperature are limited by internal protection circuitry , but it is not recommended
that the device operate under conditions beyond those specified in this table for extended periods of time.
TPS77001, TPS77012, TPS77015, TPS77018, TPS77025
TPS77027, TPS77028, TPS77030, TPS77033, TPS77050
ULTRALOW-POWER 50-mA LOW-DROPOUT LINEAR REGULATORS
SLVS210D – JUNE 1999 – REVISED MAY 2001
4POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
electrical characteristics over recommended operating free–air temperature range,
VI = VO(typ) + 1 V, IO = 50 mA, EN = 0V, Co = 4.7 µF (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT
TPS77001
1.2 V ≤ VO ≤ 5.5 V, TJ = 25°C VO
TPS77001
1.2 V ≤ VO ≤ 5.5 V, TJ = –40°C to 125°C 0.97VO1.03VO
TPS77012
TJ = 25°C, 2.7 V < VIN < 10 V 1.224
TPS77012
TJ = –40°C to 125°C, 2.7 V < VIN < 10 V 1.187 1.261
TPS77015
TJ = 25°C, 2.7 V < VIN < 10 V 1.5
TPS77015
TJ = –40°C to 125°C, 2.7 V < VIN < 10 V 1.455 1.545
TPS77018
TJ = 25°C, 2.8 V < VIN < 10 V 1.8
TPS77018
TJ = –40°C to 125°C, 2.8 V < VIN < 10 V 1.746 1.854
TPS77025
TJ = 25°C, 3.5 V < VIN < 10 V 2.5
Output volta
g
e (10
µ
A to 50 mA load)
TPS77025
TJ = –40°C to 125°C, 3.5 V < VIN < 10 V 2.425 2.575
V
g( µ)
(see Note 4)
TPS77027
TJ = 25°C, 3.7 V < VIN < 10 V 2.7
V
TPS77027
TJ = –40°C to 125°C, 3.7 V < VIN < 10 V 2.619 2.781
TPS77028
TJ = 25°C, 3.8 V < VIN < 10 V 2.8
TPS77028
TJ = –40°C to 125°C, 3.8 V < VIN < 10 V 2.716 2.884
TPS77030
TJ = 25°C, 4.0 V < VIN < 10 V 3.0
TPS77030
TJ = –40°C to 125°C, 4.0 V < VIN < 10 V 2.910 3.090
TPS77033
TJ = 25°C, 4.3 V < VIN < 10 V 3.3
TPS77033
TJ = –40°C to 125°C, 4.3 V < VIN < 10 V 3.201 3.399
TPS77050
TJ = 25°C, 6.0 V < VIN < 10 V 5.0
TPS77050
TJ = –40°C to 125°C, 6.0 V < VIN < 10 V 4.850 5.150
Quiescent current (GND current) (see Note 4)
EN = 0V, 0 mA < IO < 50mA,
TJ = 25°C17
µA
Quiescent
current
(GND
current)
(see
Note
4)
EN = 0V, IO = 50mA,
TJ = –40°C to 125°C28 µ
A
Out
p
ut voltage line regulation (∆VO/VO)
VO + 1 V < VI ≤ 10 V, TJ = 25°C 0.04
Output
voltage
line
regulation
(∆V
O
/V
O)
(see Notes 4 and 5) VO + 1 V < VI ≤ 10 V,
TJ = –40°C to 125°C0.1 %/V
Load regulation EN = 0V, IO = 0 to 50 mA,
TJ = 25°C8 mV
Output noise voltage BW = 300 Hz to 50 kHz,
Co = 10 µF, TJ = 25°C190 µVrms
Output current limit VO = 0V, See Note 4 350 750 mA
Standby current
EN = VI, 2.7 < VI < 10 V 1µA
Standby
current
TJ = –40°C to 125°C 2 µA
NOTES: 4. Minimum IN operating voltage is 2.7 V or VO (typ) + 1 V, whichever is greater . Maximum IN voltage 10 V, minimum output current
10 µA, maximum output current 50 mA.
5. If VO≤ 1.8 V then VImin = 2.7 V, VImax = 10 V:
Line Reg. (mV)
+ǒ
%
ń
V
Ǔ
VO
ǒ
VImax
*
2.7 V
Ǔ
100
1000
If VO≥ 2.5 V then VImin = VO + 1 V, VImax = 10 V:
Line Reg. (mV)
+ǒ
%
ń
V
Ǔ
VO
ǒ
VImax
*ǒ
VO
)
1V
ǓǓ
100
1000
TPS77001, TPS77012, TPS77015, TPS77018, TPS77025
TPS77027, TPS77028, TPS77030, TPS77033, TPS77050
ULTRALOW-POWER 50-mA LOW-DROPOUT LINEAR REGULATORS
SLVS210D – JUNE 1999 – REVISED MAY 2001
5
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
electrical characteristics over recommended operating free–air temperature range, VI = VO(typ) +
1 V, IO = 50 mA, EN = 0V, Co = 4.7 µF (unless otherwise noted) (continued)
PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT
FB input current FB = 1.224 V (TPS77001) –1 1 µA
High level enable input voltage 2.7 V < VI < 10 V 1.7 V
Low level enable input voltage 2.7 V < VI < 10 V 0.9 V
Power supply ripple rejection f = 1 kHz, CO = 10 µF,
TJ = 25°C, See Note 4 60 dB
In
p
ut current (EN)
EN = 0 V –1 0 1 µA
Input
current
(EN)
EN = VI–1 1 µA
TPS77028
IO = 50 mA, TJ = 25°C 60
TPS77028
IO = 50 mA TJ = –40°C to 125°C 125
TPS77030
IO = 50 mA, TJ = 25°C 57
Dro
p
out voltage (see Note 6)
TPS77030
IO = 50 mA TJ = –40°C to 125°C115
mV
Dropout
voltage
(see
Note
6)
TPS77033
IO = 50 mA, TJ = 25°C 48
mV
TPS77033
IO = 50 mA TJ = –40°C to 125°C 100
TPS77050
IO = 50 mA, TJ = 25°C 35
TPS77050
IO = 50 mA TJ = –40°C to 125°C 85
NOTES: 4. Minimum IN operating voltage is 2.7 V or VO (typ) + 1 V, whichever is greater . Maximum IN voltage 10 V, minimum output current
10 µA, maximum output current 50 mA.
6. IN voltage equals VO(Typ) –100mV; TPS77001 output voltage set to 3.3 V nominal with external resistor divider. TPS77012,
TPS77015, TPS77018, TPS77025, and TPS77027 dropout voltage limited by input voltage range limitations.
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Table of Graphs
FIGURE
VO
Out
p
ut voltage
vs Output current 1, 2, 3
V
O
Output
voltage
vs Free-air temperature 4, 5, 6
Ground current vs Free-air temperature 7
Output spectral noise density vs Frequency 8
ZoOutput impedance vs Frequency 9
VDO Dropout voltage vs Free-air temperature 10
Ripple rejection vs Frequency 11
LDO startup time 12
Line transient response 13, 15
Load transient response 14, 16
Equivalent series resistance (ESR)
vs Output current 17, 19
Equivalent
series
resistance
(ESR)
vs Added ceramic capacitance 18, 20
TPS77001, TPS77012, TPS77015, TPS77018, TPS77025
TPS77027, TPS77028, TPS77030, TPS77033, TPS77050
ULTRALOW-POWER 50-mA LOW-DROPOUT LINEAR REGULATORS
SLVS210D – JUNE 1999 – REVISED MAY 2001
6POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Figure 1
TPS77025
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
vs
OUTPUT CURRENT
2.496
2.488
2.482 10 30
2.494
2.490
2.486
20 40
2.498
050
– Output Voltage – V
VO
2.492
2.484
VI = 3.5 V
CO = 4.7 µF
TA = 25°C
IO – Output Current – mA Figure 2
IO – Output Current – mA
1.494
1.488
1.484 10 30
1.492
1.490
1.486
20 40
1.498
050
– Output Voltage – V
VO
TPS77015
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
vs
OUTPUT CURRENT
1.496
VI = 2.7 V
CO = 4.7 µF
TA = 25°C
Figure 3
IO – Output Current – mA
TPS77033
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
vs
OUTPUT CURRENT
– Output Voltage – V
VO
3.280
3.274
3.270
3.278
3.276
3.272
3.284
3.282
10 3020 40050
VI = 4.3 V
CO = 4.7 µF
TA = 25°C
Figure 4
TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C
TPS77015
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
vs
FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE
1.486
1.480 –40 0
1.488
1.484
–20 20 140
1.496
–60 40 80
1.492
1.494
100 120
– Output Voltage – V
VO
1.490
1.482
60
IO = 1 mA VI = 2.7 V
CO = 4.7 µF
IO = 50 mA
TPS77001, TPS77012, TPS77015, TPS77018, TPS77025
TPS77027, TPS77028, TPS77030, TPS77033, TPS77050
ULTRALOW-POWER 50-mA LOW-DROPOUT LINEAR REGULATORS
SLVS210D – JUNE 1999 – REVISED MAY 2001
7
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Figure 5
TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C
TPS77025
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
vs
FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE
2.476
2.492
2.486
2.496
– Output Voltage – V
VO
2.478
2.490
2.480
2.494
2.482
–40 0–20 20 140–60 40 80 100 12060
IO = 1 mA
IO = 50 mA
VI = 3.5 V
CO = 4.7 µF
2.488
2.484
Figure 6
TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C
TPS77033
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
vs
FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE
3.265
3.260
3.255
3.270
3.285
3.275
3.280
– Output Voltage – V
VO
–40 0–20 20 140–60 40 80 100 12060
IO = 50 mA
VI = 4.3 V
CO = 4.7 µFIO = 1 mA
Figure 7
TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C
15
22
TPS77033
GROUND CURRENT
vs
FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE
Ground Current – Aµ
VI = 4.3 V
CO = 4.7 µF
–40 0–20 20 140–60 40 80 100 12060
21
20
19
18
17
16
IO = 0 mA
IO = 50 mA
Figure 8
f – Frequency – Hz
1k 10k 100k
CO = 10 µF
IO = 1 mA
VI = 4.3 V
0
1.6
1
2
0.2
1.4
0.4
1.8
0.6
1.2
0.8
100
CO = 4.7 µF
IO = 1 mA
CO = 4.7 µF
IO = 50 mA
CO = 10 µF
IO = 50 mA
V HzOutput Spectral Noise Density – µ
TPS77033
OUTPUT SPECTRAL NOISE DENSITY
vs
FREQUENCY
TPS77001, TPS77012, TPS77015, TPS77018, TPS77025
TPS77027, TPS77028, TPS77030, TPS77033, TPS77050
ULTRALOW-POWER 50-mA LOW-DROPOUT LINEAR REGULATORS
SLVS210D – JUNE 1999 – REVISED MAY 2001
8POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Figure 9
100 1M10 1k
f – Frequency – Hz
10k
– Output Impedance –ZoΩ
OUTPUT IMPEDANCE
vs
FREQUENCY
0
1.6
1
2
0.2
1.4
0.4
1.8
0.6
1.2
0.8
100k
VI = 4.3 V
CO = 4.7 µF
IO = 50 mA
IO = 1 mA
Figure 10
TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C
1
10
100
– Dropout Voltage – mV
VDO
TPS77033
DROPOUT VOLTAGE
vs
FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE
–40 0–20 20 140–60 40 80 100 12060
VI = 3.2 V
CO = 4.7 µF
IO = 10 mA
IO = 50 mA
Figure 11
10 M1 M100 k10 k1 k100
Ripple Rejection – dB
f – Frequency – Hz
RIPPLE REJECTION
vs
FREQUENCY
100
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
–1010
TPS77033
VI = 4.3 V
CO = 4.7 µF
ESR = 0.3 Ω
70
80
90
IO = 50 mA
IO = 1 mA
Figure 12
LDO STARTUP TIME
t – Time – µs
0604020 80 100 140120 160 180 200
VO
EN
TPS77001, TPS77012, TPS77015, TPS77018, TPS77025
TPS77027, TPS77028, TPS77030, TPS77033, TPS77050
ULTRALOW-POWER 50-mA LOW-DROPOUT LINEAR REGULATORS
SLVS210D – JUNE 1999 – REVISED MAY 2001
9
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Figure 13
3.7
TPS77015
LINE TRANSIENT RESPONSE
VO
t – Time – µs
0604020 80 100 140120 160 180 200
– Output Voltage – mV
IL = 10 mA
CO = 4.7 µF
ESR = 0.3 Ω
VI– Input Voltage – V
2.7
10
0
–10
Figure 14
t – Time – µs
TPS77015
LOAD TRANSIENT RESPONSE
0
0
0604020 80 100 140120 160 180 200
Current Load – mA
50
VI = 2.7 V
CO = 10 µF
ESR = 0.3 Ω
–50
–100
VO Output Voltage – mV
∆ – Change In
Figure 15
TPS77033
LINE TRANSIENT RESPONSE
t – Time – µs
5.3
VO
0604020 80 100 140120 160 180
– Output Voltage – mVVI– Input Voltage – V
IL = 10 mA
CO = 4.7 µF
ESR = 0.3 Ω
4.3
10
0
–10
Figure 16
t – Time – µs
TPS77033
LOAD TRANSIENT RESPONSE
0
0604020 80 100 140120 160 180
Current Load – mA
50
0
–20
–40 VI = 4.3 V
CO = 4.7 µF
ESR = 0.3 Ω
VO Output Voltage – mV
∆ – Change In
TPS77001, TPS77012, TPS77015, TPS77018, TPS77025
TPS77027, TPS77028, TPS77030, TPS77033, TPS77050
ULTRALOW-POWER 50-mA LOW-DROPOUT LINEAR REGULATORS
SLVS210D – JUNE 1999 – REVISED MAY 2001
10 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Figure 17
1
02550
100
IO – Output Current – mA
ESR – Equivalent Series Resistance – Ω
10
TPS77033
TYPICAL REGIONS OF STABILITY
EQUIVALENT SERIES RESISTANCE (ESR)†
vs
OUTPUT CURRENT
VIN = 4.3 V
CO = 4.7 µF
ESR = 0.3 Ω
3.3 V LDO
5 1015 20 30354045
Region of Instability
Region of Stability
0.1
Figure 18
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5
Added Ceramic Capacitance – µF
0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
1
100
ESR – Equivalent Series Resistance –Ω
10 Region of Instability
Region of Stability
VIN = 4.3 V
CO = 4.7 µF
IL = 50 mA
TPS77033
TYPICAL REGIONS OF STABILITY
EQUIVALENT SERIES RESISTANCE (ESR)
vs
ADDED CERAMIC CAPACITANCE
Figure 19
IO – Output Current – mA
102550
100
ESR – Equivalent Series Resistance – Ω
10
TPS77033
TYPICAL REGIONS OF STABILITY
EQUIVALENT SERIES RESISTANCE (ESR)†
vs
OUTPUT CURRENT
VIN = 4.3 V
CO = 10 µF
ESR = 0.3 Ω
3.3 V LDO
5101520 30354045
Region of Stability
Region of Instability
Figure 20
Added Ceramic Capacitance – µF
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
1
100
ESR – Equivalent Series Resistance –Ω
10 Region of Instability
Region of Stability
VIN = 4.3 V
CO = 10 µF
IL = 50 mA
TPS77033
TYPICAL REGIONS OF STABILITY
EQUIVALENT SERIES RESISTANCE (ESR)
vs
ADDED CERAMIC CAPACITANCE
TPS77001, TPS77012, TPS77015, TPS77018, TPS77025
TPS77027, TPS77028, TPS77030, TPS77033, TPS77050
ULTRALOW-POWER 50-mA LOW-DROPOUT LINEAR REGULATORS
SLVS210D – JUNE 1999 – REVISED MAY 2001
11
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
APPLICATION INFORMATION
The TPS770xx family of low-dropout (LDO) regulators have been optimized for use in battery-operated
equipment. They feature extremely low dropout voltages, low quiescent current (17 µA nominally), and enable
inputs to reduce supply currents to less than 1 µA when the regulators are turned off.
device operation
The TPS770xx uses a PMOS pass element to dramatically reduce both dropout voltage and supply current over
more conventional PNP-pass-element LDO designs. The PMOS pass element is a voltage-controlled device
and, unlike a PNP transistor, it does not require increased drive current as output current increases. Supply
current in the TPS770xx is essentially constant from no load to maximum load.
Current limiting and thermal protection prevent damage by excessive output current and/or power dissipation.
The device switches into a constant-current mode at approximately 350 mA; further load reduces the output
voltage instead of increasing the output current. The thermal protection shuts the regulator off if the junction
temperature rises above approximately 165°C. Recovery is automatic when the junction temperature drops
approximately 25°C below the high temperature trip point. The PMOS pass element includes a back gate diode
that conducts reverse current when the input voltage level drops below the output voltage level.
A voltage of 1.7 V or greater on the EN input will disable the TPS770xx internal circuitry, reducing the supply
current to 1µA. A voltage of less than 0.9 V on the EN input will enable the TPS770xx and will enable normal
operation to resume. The EN input does not include any deliberate hysteresis, and it exhibits an actual switching
threshold of approximately 1.5 V.
A typical application circuit is shown in Figure 21.
C1
1 µF
†TPS77012, TPS77015, TPS77018, TPS77025, TPS77027,
TPS77028, TPS77030, TPS77033, TPS77050 (fixed-voltage options).
NC/FB
OUT
1
3
IN
EN
GND
2
4
5
VI
ESR = 0.2 Ω
VO
4.7 µF
+
TPS770xx†
Figure 21. Typical Application Circuit
TPS77001, TPS77012, TPS77015, TPS77018, TPS77025
TPS77027, TPS77028, TPS77030, TPS77033, TPS77050
ULTRALOW-POWER 50-mA LOW-DROPOUT LINEAR REGULATORS
SLVS210D – JUNE 1999 – REVISED MAY 2001
12 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
APPLICATION INFORMATION
external capacitor requirements
Although not required, a 0.047-µF or larger ceramic input bypass capacitor, connected between IN and GND
and located close to the TPS770xx, is recommended to improve transient response and noise rejection. A
higher-value electrolytic input capacitor may be necessary if large, fast-rise-time load transients are anticipated
and the device is located several inches from the power source.
Like all low dropout regulators, the TPS770xx requires an output capacitor connected between OUT and GND
to stabilize the internal control loop. The minimum recommended capacitance is 4.7 µF. The ESR (equivalent
series resistance) of the capacitor should be between 0.2 Ω and 10 Ω. to ensure stability. Capacitor values larger
than 4.7 µF are acceptable, and allow the use of smaller ESR values. Capacitances less than 4.7 µF are not
recommended because they require careful selection of ESR to ensure stability. Solid tantalum electrolytic,
aluminum electrolytic, and multilayer ceramic capacitors are all suitable, provided they meet the requirements
described above. Most of the commercially available 4.7 µF surface-mount solid tantalum capacitors, including
devices from Sprague, Kemet, and Nichico, meet the ESR requirements stated above. Multilayer ceramic
capacitors may have very small equivalent series resistances and may thus require the addition of a low value
series resistor to ensure stability.
CAPACITOR SELECTION
PART NO. MFR. VALUE MAX ESR†SIZE (H × L × W)†
T494B475K016AS KEMET 4.7 µF 1.5 Ω1.9 × 3.5 × 2.8
195D106x0016x2T SPRAGUE 10 µF 1.5 Ω1.3 × 7.0 × 2.7
695D106x003562T SPRAGUE 10 µF 1.3 Ω2.5 × 7.6 × 2.5
TPSC475K035R0600 AVX 4.7 µF 0.6 Ω2.6 × 6.0 × 3.2
†Size is in mm. ESR is maximum resistance in Ohms at 100 kHz and TA = 25°C. Contact manufacturer for minimum ESR values.
TPS77001, TPS77012, TPS77015, TPS77018, TPS77025
TPS77027, TPS77028, TPS77030, TPS77033, TPS77050
ULTRALOW-POWER 50-mA LOW-DROPOUT LINEAR REGULATORS
SLVS210D – JUNE 1999 – REVISED MAY 2001
13
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
APPLICATION INFORMATION
output voltage programming
The output voltage of the TPS77001 adjustable regulator is programmed using an external resistor divider as
shown in Figure 22. The output voltage is calculated using:
VO
+
Vref
ǒ
1
)
R1
R2
Ǔ
(1
)
where
Vref = 1.224 V typ (the internal reference voltage)
Resistors R1 and R2 should be chosen for approximately 7-µA divider current. Lower value resistors can be
used but offer no inherent advantage and waste more power. Higher values should be avoided as leakage
currents at FB increase the output voltage error. The recommended design procedure is to choose
R2 = 169 kΩ to set the divider current at 7 µA and then calculate R1 using:
R1
+ǒ
VO
Vref
*
1
Ǔ
R2 (2)
VO
VI
OUT
FB
R2
GND
EN
IN
≤0.9 V
≥1.7 V
TPS77001
1 µF
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE
(V) R1 R2
2.5
3.3
3.6
4.0
5.0
174
287
324
383
523
169
169
169
169
169
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
PROGRAMMING GUIDE
DIVIDER RESISTANCE
(kΩ)‡
‡1% values shown.
3
1
4
2
R1
5
ESR = 0.2 Ω
4.7 µF
Figure 22. TPS77001 Adjustable LDO Regulator Programming
TPS77001, TPS77012, TPS77015, TPS77018, TPS77025
TPS77027, TPS77028, TPS77030, TPS77033, TPS77050
ULTRALOW-POWER 50-mA LOW-DROPOUT LINEAR REGULATORS
SLVS210D – JUNE 1999 – REVISED MAY 2001
14 POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
APPLICATION INFORMATION
power dissipation and junction temperature
Specified regulator operation is assured to a junction temperature of 125°C; the maximum junction temperature
should be restricted to 125°C under normal operating conditions. This restriction limits the power dissipation
the regulator can handle in any given application. T o ensure the junction temperature is within acceptable limits,
calculate the maximum allowable dissipation, PD(max), and the actual dissipation, PD, which must be less than
or equal to PD(max).
The maximum-power-dissipation limit is determined using the following equation:
PD(max)
+
TJmax
*
TA
R
q
JA
Where:
TJmax is the maximum allowable junction temperature
RθJA is the thermal resistance junction-to-ambient for the package, see the dissipation rating table.
TA is the ambient temperature.
The regulator dissipation is calculated using:
PD
+ǒ
VI
*
VO
Ǔ
IO
Power dissipation resulting from quiescent current is negligible. Excessive power dissipation will trigger the
thermal protection circuit.
regulator protection
The TPS770xx PMOS-pass transistor has a built-in back diode that conducts reverse current when the input
voltage drops below the output voltage (e.g., during power down). Current is conducted from the output to the
input and is not internally limited. If extended reverse voltage operation is anticipated, external limiting might
be appropriate.
The TPS770xx features internal current limiting and thermal protection. During normal operation, the TPS770xx
limits output current to approximately 350 mA. When current limiting engages, the output voltage scales back
linearly until the overcurrent condition ends. While current limiting is designed to prevent gross device failure,
care should be taken not to exceed the power dissipation ratings of the package. If the temperature of the device
exceeds approximately 165°C, thermal-protection circuitry shuts it down. Once the device has cooled down to
below approximately 140°C, regulator operation resumes.
PACKAGING INFORMATION
Orderable Device Status (1) Package
Type Package
Drawing Pins Package
Qty Eco Plan (2) Lead/Ball Finish MSL Peak Temp (3)
TPS77001DBVR ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 3000 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM
TPS77001DBVRG4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 3000 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM
TPS77001DBVT ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 250 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM
TPS77001DBVTG4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 250 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM
TPS77012DBVR ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 3000 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM
TPS77012DBVRG4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 3000 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM
TPS77012DBVT ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 250 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM
TPS77012DBVTG4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 250 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM
TPS77015DBVR ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 3000 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM
TPS77015DBVRG4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 3000 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM
TPS77015DBVT ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 250 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM
TPS77015DBVTG4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 250 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM
TPS77018DBVR ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 3000 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM
TPS77018DBVRG4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 3000 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM
TPS77018DBVT ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 250 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM
TPS77018DBVTG4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 250 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM
TPS77025DBVR ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 3000 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM
TPS77025DBVRG4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 3000 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM
TPS77025DBVT ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 250 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM
TPS77025DBVTG4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 250 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM
TPS77027DBVR ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 3000 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM
TPS77027DBVRG4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 3000 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM
TPS77027DBVT ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 250 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM
TPS77027DBVTG4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 250 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM
TPS77028DBVR ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 3000 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM
PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM
www.ti.com 18-Sep-2008
Addendum-Page 1
Orderable Device Status (1) Package
Type Package
Drawing Pins Package
Qty Eco Plan (2) Lead/Ball Finish MSL Peak Temp (3)
TPS77028DBVRG4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 3000 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM
TPS77028DBVT ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 250 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM
TPS77028DBVTG4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 250 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM
TPS77030DBVR ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 3000 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM
TPS77030DBVRG4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 3000 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM
TPS77030DBVT ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 250 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM
TPS77030DBVTG4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 250 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM
TPS77033DBVR ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 3000 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM
TPS77033DBVRG4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 3000 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM
TPS77033DBVT ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 250 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM
TPS77033DBVTG4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 250 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM
TPS77050DBVR ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 3000 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM
TPS77050DBVRG4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 3000 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM
TPS77050DBVT ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 250 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM
TPS77050DBVTG4 ACTIVE SOT-23 DBV 5 250 Green (RoHS &
no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM
(1) The marketing status values are defined as follows:
ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs.
LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect.
NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in
a new design.
PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available.
OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device.
(2) Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS), Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt), or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check
http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability information and additional product content details.
TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined.
Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements
for all 6 substances, including the requirement that lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered
at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes.
Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt): This component has a RoHS exemption for either 1) lead-based flip-chip solder bumps used between the die and
package, or 2) lead-based die adhesive used between the die and leadframe. The component is otherwise considered Pb-Free (RoHS
compatible) as defined above.
Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br): TI defines "Green" to mean Pb-Free (RoHS compatible), and free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame
retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous material)
(3) MSL, Peak Temp. -- The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder
temperature.
Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is
PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM
www.ti.com 18-Sep-2008
Addendum-Page 2
provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the
accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. TI has taken and continues to take
reasonable steps to provide representative and accurate information but may not have conducted destructive testing or chemical analysis on
incoming materials and chemicals. TI and TI suppliers consider certain information to be proprietary, and thus CAS numbers and other limited
information may not be available for release.
In no event shall TI's liability arising out of such information exceed the total purchase price of the TI part(s) at issue in this document sold by TI
to Customer on an annual basis.
OTHER QUALIFIED VERSIONS OF TPS77001, TPS77012, TPS77015, TPS77033 :
•Automotive: TPS77001-Q1,TPS77012-Q1,TPS77015-Q1,TPS77033-Q1
NOTE: Qualified Version Definitions:
•Automotive - Q100 devices qualified for high-reliability automotive applications targeting zero defects
PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM
www.ti.com 18-Sep-2008
Addendum-Page 3