GPS Receiver GNS502 Datasheet V01 confidential information preliminary specification 1 INTRODUCTION The GNS 502 is a ultra small outlined module for navigation, package tracking and any other applications where simple, reliable positioning data is a necessity. Since the chip antenna is already on board, there' s no costly implementation work needed. Connecting the 1.8V power supply, a 32768Hz clock and a serial data connection is all that has to be done to put GNS502 to service. Features * Improved acquisition performance * Improved tracking&navigation performance and minimized error in multi-path environments * Standard NMEA 0183 output * Pulse Per Second (PPS) output pin * GPS fix indication output pin * Push to Fix pin (P2F) for power management * Automatic Power Management (APM) feature * Compact design 15.7*10*2 mm * Single 1.8 VDC supply * UART interface * Fast time to market * RoHS compliant Applications Navigation o Dynamic Navigation o Portable ("nomadic") devices o Netbooks, tablet PCs and mobile phones o Low volume applications with short time to market requirement Timing o Precision timing via GPS Location based applications o GPS Logger o GPS Tracker o Security devices o Camera equipment (c) GNS-GmbH 2014 V 0.1, Oct 6 2014 1 GPS Receiver GNS502 Datasheet V01 confidential information preliminary specification 2 INDEX 1 INTRODUCTION ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 2 INDEX --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 3 DETAILED FEATURES ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 3.1 GPS Features ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3 5.1 I/O levels -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 Automatic Power Management (APM) feature ----------------------------------------------------------------------------6 Push to fix (PTF) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6 Pulse Per Second (PPS) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7 Fix Available ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7 GPS Antenna ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7 7.1 7.2 Absolute Maximum Ratings ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------8 Recommended Operating Conditions -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------8 10.1 GPS UART Interface details ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 12 14.1 Pcb layout (example: GNS502 EVB) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 15 4 BLOCK DIAGRAM ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 5 I/O REQUIREMENTS ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4 6 GPS characteristics ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4 7 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATION --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8 8 DEVICE PINOUT DIAGRAM ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9 9 POWER MANAGEMENT -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 12 10 HARDWARE HOST INTERFACE ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 12 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 NMEA DATA -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------PHYSICAL DIMENSIONS ----------------------------------------------------------------------------RECOMMENDED PAD LAYOUT ----------------------------------------------------------------------DESIGN GUIDELINES -------------------------------------------------------------------------------ORDERING INFORMATION -------------------------------------------------------------------------CUSTOMER SPECIFIC FACTORY OPTIONS ---------------------------------------------------------ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION ------------------------------------------------------------------DOCUMENT REVISION HISTORY -------------------------------------------------------------------- (c) GNS-GmbH 2014 V 0.1, Oct 6 2014 13 13 14 15 17 19 20 20 2 GPS Receiver GNS502 Datasheet V01 confidential information preliminary specification 3 DETAILED FEATURES 3.1 GPS Features Significantly improved TTFF at low signal power levels provides the consumer with a compelling GPS experience Improved acquisition performance to process position fixes in critical conditions Reduced power consumption through improvements to RF architecture, software techniques, receiver core, and RF noise figure partitioning Improved tracking performance and minimized error in multi-path environments through increased IF bandwidth and higher sampling rates in tracking channels Standard NMEA output 1PPS output GPS Fix indication output pin APM, Automatic Power Management reduces tracking power down to 40mW average. 4 BLOCK DIAGRAM GPS chip antenna TCXO precision clock Low Noise Amplifier SAW Filter NL5500 GPS_RESET PushToFix UART TX Fix indicator PPS output RTC Clock (c) GNS-GmbH 2014 V 0.1, Oct 6 2014 3 GPS Receiver GNS502 Datasheet V01 confidential information preliminary specification 5 I/O REQUIREMENTS 5.1 I/O levels GNS502 I/O sections work at 1.8V nominal. Absolute Maximum Ratings should not be exceeded Should the GNS502 be interfaced to a host with I/O at higher levels, level shifters should be used. 6 GPS characteristics Parameter Min Frequency Output data frequency Navigation&tracking sensitivity Acquisition sensitivity Typ 1/60 Note MHz 1/sec GPS L1 C/A code Configurable -162 dBm At LNA input, Note1 -145 -146 dBm autonomous , at LNA input, Note 1 sec sec All SVs@-130dBm, Note 1 All SVs @-155dBm, Note 1 sec sec All SVs @-130dBm, Note 1 All SVs @-142dBm, Note 1 1 10 TTFF autonomous cold start TTFF autonomous cold start Number of channels tracking Number of acquisition channels GPS shutdown GPS deep sleep (RTC running) Unit -161 TTFF hotstart TTFF hotstart GPS ACTIVE (acquisition) GPS ACTIVE (tracking) GPS ACTIVE (tracking) Max general 1575.42 1 1 34 45 16 40 72 50 Power consumption 83.6 mA 58.8 mA 181 A NMEA frequency = 1/sec NMEA frequency = 1/sec NMEA frequency=1/sec, -130dBm, APM feature active GPS_RESET GND 81 A PTF GND 25 mA Note 1: Measured by conductive measurement (c) GNS-GmbH 2014 V 0.1, Oct 6 2014 4 GPS Receiver GNS502 Datasheet V01 confidential information preliminary specification Accuracy Static position error CEP68 - 2 - m - 3 - m - - 2 m Static position error CEP95 Static position error CEP68 Normal open sky in Field Horizontal position accuracy using open sky roof-top antenna Normal open sky in Field Horizontal position accuracy using open sky roof-top antenna Simulator feed , IONO and TROPO errors oN at -130 dBm power level, Note 1 Static position error CEP95 - - 3 m Simulator feed , IONO and TROPO errors oN at -130 dBm power level, Note 1 dynamic position error CEP68 - - 3 m Simulator feed , IONO and TROPO errors oN at -130 dBm power level, Note 1 dynamic position error CEP95 - - 4 m Simulator feed , IONO and TROPO errors oN at -130 dBm power level, Note 1 velocity error CEP68 - - 0.1 m/s Simulator feed , IONO and TROPO errors oN at -130 dBm power level, Note 1 velocity error CEP95 - - 0.7 m/s Simulator feed , IONO and TROPO errors oN at -130 dBm power level, Note 1 1PPS pulse duration 1PPS time jitter - Accuracy for timepulse signal 1 msec - 15 100 nsec 1PPS rise and fall time 1PPS output impedance 10k//20pF 10 - nsec - TCXO output frequency TCXO output impedance - 26.000 1M//5pF - MHz - Pulse rising edge deviation from expected pulse time, measured in a 300 seconds interval with full 3D fix @-130dBm, Note 1 10%..90% TCXO 2.5 ppm Note 1: Measured by conductive measurement Operation altitude Operation velocity Operation acceleration -5,000 - - ITAR limits 18,288 514 - m m/s m/s2 No limit set (c) GNS-GmbH 2014 V 0.1, Oct 6 2014 5 GPS Receiver GNS502 Datasheet V01 confidential information preliminary specification 6.1 Automatic Power Management (APM) feature GNS502 provides APM feature as as a user selectable option. APM dynamically controls the GPS internal function blocks to achieve the lowest power consumption in a gives GPS signal condition. APM will work at full power during acquisition and go down to 80mW in tracking mode and reduce the power further to below 50mW (min 27mW) when satellite signal is unobstructed in an open sky scenario. However - same as for any GPS device - the accuracy and stability will be lowered due to reduced activity of the positioning algorithms. Since working parameters of APM are not adjustable, a field test is recommended to confirm usability of power saving algorithm. By default, APM is set to inactive. Please refer to Section 13 for more information. 6.2 Push to fix (PTF) The PTF signal pin is used to control the power state of the receiver. If PTF is high, the receiver is under full operation. When PTF is going to low level, a deep sleep state is entered, only the memory and the real time clock will be powered to preserve almanach, ephemeris and real time. Reactivating the receiver by setting PTF to high within a short period of time (up to 2 hours) will allow the receiver to re-fix within a few seconds or less. GPS_RESET PUSH_TO_FIX T1 T2 System State T1 (Boot up) 4.5sec T2 = TTFF Reset Aquisition Boot up Tracking Sleep (c) GNS-GmbH 2014 V 0.1, Oct 6 2014 6 GPS Receiver GNS502 Datasheet V01 confidential information preliminary specification 6.3 Pulse Per Second (PPS) TC6000GN provide a so called Pulse Per Second (PPS) for timing purposes. After calculation of a 3D postion fix, the PPS signal is accurately aligned to the GPS seconds boundaries. The pulse generated is approximately 1 millisecond in duration and the repetition rate is 1 second. T2 T1 T1 = 1ms T2 = 1sec More information about the accuracy of the time pluse, please refer to http://processors.wiki.ti.com/index.php/CC4000_GPS_for_MCU "GPS PPS Timing Application Note". 6.4 Fix Available The FIX AVAILABLE signal is used to indicate the availability of GPS postion information. This is typically used to drive an LED buffer so that the state of the device can be easily indicated. The table below lists the various states. State Initial boot up PTF low PTF on and aquisition PTF on and loss of fix PTF on and postion fix Indication low low Toggling (900ms low and 100ms high) Toggling (900ms low and 100ms high) continuously high 6.5 GPS Antenna GNS502 contains all input circuitry including a high performance chip antenna. This antenna is finely tuned and provides the best performance at small outline. When mounting the module, any metal , metalized or (ESD-) coated materials should be avoided ! A plastic (ABS,PC or similar) cover of up to 2mm should be ok in any case. Please keep an air gap of 2..3mm between antenna surface and cover whenever possible. (c) GNS-GmbH 2014 V 0.1, Oct 6 2014 7 GPS Receiver GNS502 Datasheet V01 confidential information preliminary specification 7 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATION 7.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings Parameter Supply voltage range: VDD Input voltage to all other pins Operating ambient temperature range Storage temperature range Value Unit -0.5 to 2.1 -0.5 to (VDD + 0.5) -40 to +85 -40 to +85 V V C C 7.2 Recommended Operating Conditions Parameter VDD High level output voltage VOH Low level output voltage VOL High-level input voltage VIH Low-level input voltage VIL Operating temperature Min Typ Max Unit Note 1.7 0.8 * VDD 1.95 VDD V V Power-supply voltage IOUT = 4 mA 0 0.2*VDD V IOUT = 4 mA 0.65x VDD 0 -40 VDD V 0.35x VDD V 85 C Full specified performance (c) GNS-GmbH 2014 V 0.1, Oct 6 2014 8 GPS Receiver GNS502 Datasheet V01 confidential information preliminary specification 8 DEVICE PINOUT DIAGRAM TOP VIEW GN (c) GNS-GmbH 2014 V 0.1, Oct 6 2014 9 GPS Receiver GNS502 Datasheet V01 confidential information preliminary specification F VBAT VDD_IO GPS_UART_TX GPS_UART_RX GPS_RESET RTC_CLK E TCXO_CLK GND GPS_UART_CTS NU12 NU10 ON_THE_FLY_PRG D DB_1 DB_2 GND1 NU7 NU8 NU9 C DB_3 DB_4 GND3 NU13 NU11 NU6 B NU1 NU2 NU3 NU4 NU5 GPS_PPS A NU12 GPS_GND1 NU14 GPS_GND2 FIX_AVAILABLE PUSH_TO_FIX 1 2 3 4 5 6 (c) GNS-GmbH 2014 V 0.1, Oct 6 2014 10 GPS Receiver GNS502 Datasheet V01 confidential information NO NAME TYPE 1 preliminary specification DESCRIPTION Power-Management Signals 2F 1F VDD_IO VBAT P P 1.8V I/O power supply voltage 1.8V main power supply voltage 3D 2E 3C GND1 GND2 GND3 P P P 1E TCXO_CLK O Common Ground Common Ground Common Ground Clock Signals TCXO_CLK signal output. This Pin delivers the high stable TCXO frequency of 26.000 MHz for external components. Although the output is buffered, do not load this pin below 20kOhms // 10pF(TBD). Leave open if not used. 6F RTC_CLK I 2A 4A 6B GPS_GND1 GPS_GND2 GPS_PPS P P O 6E ON_THE_FLY_PRG I 6A PUSH_TO_FIX I 5A FIX_AVAILABLE O 5F GPS_RESET I 1A 1B 2B 3B 4B 5B 5E 4D 5D 6D 5C 6C 4E 4C 3A NU12 NU1 NU2 NU3 NU4 NU5 NU10 NU7 NU8 NU9 NU11 NU6 NU12 NU13 NU14 3F 4F 3E GPS_UART_TX GPS_UART_RX GPS_UART_CTS 1D 2D 1C 2C DB_1 DB_2 DB_3 DB_4 P$1 P$2 GND GND O I I Clock input: 32.768 kHz. Input for an external low frequency clock signal. A clock must be provided at this pin to operate the module. See chapter "RTC CONNECTION" GPS Signals GPS RF Ground GPS RF Ground This output delivers a high-precision pulse-per-second signal that is synchronized to the GPS time reference. The pulse precision is better than 1*10 -7 seconds. Although the output is buffered, do not load this pin below 10kOhms // 47pF (TBD). Leave open if not used . This input determines operation after reset. Internally pulled up for normal operation. pull low for re- programming firmware or reconfiguring the module. Leave open in normal operation. Input signal to switch between operation and deep sleep mode. internally pulled down. pull high (with less than 4.7kOhm) during operation. pull low (or leave open) to set the module to deep sleep. Internal RTC continues to work in deep sleep. This pin indicates a fix position. Leave open if not used. Main Reset for the receiver. Internally weak pulled down. Pull high with less than 100kOhm for operation. pull to GND (or leave open) during power - up. NOT USED PINs DO NOT CONNECT do not connect or connect to GND do not connect or connect to GND do not connect or connect to GND do not connect or connect to GND do not connect or connect to GND do not connect or connect to GND do not connect or connect to GND do not connect or connect to GND do not connect or connect to GND do not connect or connect to GND do not connect or connect to GND do not connect or connect to GND do not connect or connect to GND do not connect or connect to GND do not connect or connect to GND UART Main UART TX. Main UART RX. Main UART CTS. CTS not used. Leave open I2C must be connected to DB_2 must be connected to DB_1 must be connected to DB_4 must be connected to DB_3 Chip Antenna grounding Must be firmly connected to ground plane (see chapter PCB mounting) Must be firmly connected to ground plane (see chapter PCB mounting) (1) I = INPUT; O = OUTPUT; I/O = BIDIRECTIONAL; P = POWER PIN; ANA = ANALOG PIN. (c) GNS-GmbH 2014 V 0.1, Oct 6 2014 11 GPS Receiver GNS502 Datasheet V01 confidential information preliminary specification 9 POWER MANAGEMENT For quick re-acquisition after power-on, the GNS502 should stay tied to Vdd during off-times to keep it's RTC clock running. The receiver is put in sleep mode by holding the PTF pin low. The pin may be controlled by the host controller or by another power management circuitry, which might be also a simple electromechanical switch. A static low level on PTF will keep the GNS502 in a deep sleep with power consumption at 81A. 10 HARDWARE HOST INTERFACE GNS502 is connected to host system by a UART Interface. Since GNS502 is used only to deliver NMEA to the host only a single data line from the receiver to the host is necessary. The interface requires 1.8V I/O. The idle state of the lines is positive voltage. To interface a standard RS232 UART (e.g. a PC serial interface), please add an inverting level shifter. To interface processors that have a different interfacing voltage level, level shifters are required. 10.1 GPS UART Interface details The UART interface is used to send NMEA messages and control data. The default baud rate is 9600, other baud rates can be selected by ordering option. The maximum baud rate deviation supported is 2%. GPS UART Default Settings Parameter Value Baud rate Data length Stop bit Parity 9600 8 bits 1 None (c) GNS-GmbH 2014 V 0.1, Oct 6 2014 12 GPS Receiver GNS502 Datasheet V01 confidential information preliminary specification 11 NMEA DATA The GNS502 provides NMEA (National Marine Electronics Association) 0183 compatible data. The following table shows the available NMEA sentences. All active NMEA sentences are sent at the selected baud rate. NMEA available sentences Type content $GPRMC Recommended Minimum Navigation Information Global Positioning System Fix Data, Time, Position and fix related data for a GPS receiver Satellites in view Geographic Position - Latitude/Longitude GPS DOP and active satellites Track made good and Ground speed $GPGGA $GPGSV $GPGLL $GPGSA $GPVTG 12 PHYSICAL DIMENSIONS 15.7 10.0 2.0 0.90 0.55 all units in mm tolerance for <5mm : 0.1mm ; for >5mm 0.2mm (c) GNS-GmbH 2014 V 0.1, Oct 6 2014 13 GPS Receiver GNS502 Datasheet V01 confidential information preliminary specification 13 RECOMMENDED PAD LAYOUT (c) GNS-GmbH 2014 V 0.1, Oct 6 2014 14 GPS Receiver GNS502 Datasheet V01 confidential information preliminary specification 14 DESIGN GUIDELINES Although GNS502 GPS receiver provides a good performance, care should be taken to provide clean signal and clean power supplies. Power lines should be blocked near to the receiver with low ESR capacitors. Radiated noise from neighbour components may also reduce the performance of the receiver. Please be aware, that the most sensitive parts - the antenna and the first LNA - are part of the module ! 14.1 Pcb layout (example: GNS502 EVB) Groundplane on top & bottom. Be sure to solder these pads reliably ! Clearence area. Keep clear on all layers ! Position of chip antenna on 502 module Use effective "stiching" to all ground layers. GNS502 uses a high performance chip antenna design. For optimum performance, a ground plane area is needed on the main board. This area should be at least 20 x 30mm, a larger ground like 30 x 60mm is recommended. The groundplane can be part of the main ground layer of the mainboard, some (small) components in the neighbourhood of the antenna are acceptable. Do not place any bulky or metallic components near to the antenna (in a distance below 30mm) to avoid unwanted electromagnetic shielding effects. (c) GNS-GmbH 2014 V 0.1, Oct 6 2014 15 GPS Receiver GNS502 Datasheet V01 confidential information preliminary specification It's recommended to place GNS502 at the rim of the main PCB, so that the antenna has a wide unobstructed working angle. The marked clearance area below the antenna must be kept clear in any case ! Do not design any copper tracks or planes in the clearance area ! Do not mount your mainboard directly on a metal surface. There should be 10..15 mm clearance below the main board. The two ground solder pads near the chip antenna must be reliably soldered to mainboard. Please do not place any shielding or lids in the area 5mm below your PCB under the Clearance area. Plastic enclosures can also have impact on the antenna. Avoid that the antenna is in touch with any enclosure parts. Product testing should be performed with the PCB already mounted in the final enclosure. Generally the rules for good and low noise design should be followed: Use a solid ground plane, best on layer 2 of the mainboard Place enough vias (min 0.3/0.6mm) to ensure proper grounding (see example above). Keep noisy components (C, switch mode supplies) as far as possible away from sensitive antenna inputs Place decoupling capacitors near to the source of noise and provide a short and low induction connection to ground (use multi-vias if needed) EMC filters or noise filtering coils or beads can help to reduce the noise level further. Select system clocks in a way, that no harmonics will match the GPS frequency of 1575.42 MHz (c) GNS-GmbH 2014 V 0.1, Oct 6 2014 16 GPS Receiver GNS502 Datasheet V01 confidential information preliminary specification 15 PACKAGE INFORMATION 15.1 TAPE (c) GNS-GmbH 2014 V 0.1, Oct 6 2014 17 GPS Receiver GNS502 Datasheet V01 confidential information preliminary specification 15.2 REEL : Number of devices: 1500 pcs/reel 16 ORDERING INFORMATION Ordering information Type GNS502 Part# Marking GNS502 Type 4037735105324 1440 Date yyww <Serial> Serial# Description GNS GPS receiver (c) GNS-GmbH 2014 V 0.1, Oct 6 2014 18 GPS Receiver GNS502 Datasheet V01 confidential information preliminary specification 17 CUSTOMER SPECIFIC FACTORY OPTIONS Some features of GNS502 are factory presets, that should be added to your order information. Just replace <options> by the Short options given in the table below. Please use a comma "-" for separating the options. You do not need to specify option values that are shown to be default. Type Default value UART baudrate 9,600 baud APM feature Not active GPS output rate 1 second (R1) NMEA selection All 6 types Possible options Baud=9600bps Baud=19200bps Baud=38400bps Baud=57600bps Baud=115200bps APM active APM not active Rate is x seconds (x=1,2,3,4,5,10, 30,60) All combinations possible Short 9 19 38 57 115 A R<x> RMC GGA GSV GLL GSA VTG GSV output rate 1 GSV=1 GSV=5 G1 G5 Pulse per second output PPS on PPS off /P active (on) note The serial output baud rate. APM feature allows the GPS engine to save energy under good reception conditions. Please define A , if you wish to have APM activated. This option is useful to optimize transfer times by lowering the rate of NMEA messages. Has no influence on the GPS engine activity. saving unused NMEAs. Please specify all types that should be available GSV rate can be selected as a multiple of the GPS output rate. This option is used to reduce average data transfer. G5 with a rate of 1 will produce GSV output every 5 seconds Activates or deactivates the hardware precision pulse per second. Since active is default, please define /P (no PPS) if PPS should not be available. For example, if you wish to have a baudrate of 115.2k, and only RMC (once per second) and GSV (every 5 seconds) as output data, please order as follows : GNS502 115-RMC-GSV-G5 In another example, Baud Rate is 38400bps, all NMEA sentences except GSV and VTG should be sent at a rate of once per 5 seconds. PPS shall be off: GNS502 38-RMC-GGA-GLL-GSA-R5-/P (c) GNS-GmbH 2014 V 0.1, Oct 6 2014 19 GPS Receiver GNS502 Datasheet V01 confidential information preliminary specification 18 ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION This product is free of environmental hazardous substances and complies to 2002/95/EC. (RoHS directive). 19 DOCUMENT REVISION HISTORY V0.1 Oct 6 2014 P.Skaliks initial document GNS GMBH 2014 THE INFORMATION IN THIS DOCUMENTATION DOES NOT FORM ANY QUOTATION OR CONTRACT. TECHNICAL DATA ARE DUE TO BE CHANGED WITHOUT NOTICE. NO LIABILITY WILL BE ACCEPTED BY THE PUBLISHER FOR ANY CONSEQUENCE OF THIS DOCUMENT'S USE. REPRODUCTION IN WHOLE OR IN PART IS PROHIBITED WITHOUT THE PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT OF THE COPYRIGHT OWNER (c) GNS-GmbH 2014 V 0.1, Oct 6 2014 20